Redhat 6.2 x86_64安装Oracle 11g R2

操作系统:Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.2 x86_64

Oracle版本:Oracle Database 11g Release 2

Oracle官方下载地址:

File1:http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

File2:http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

Oracle11gR2官方文档地址:http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24326/toc.htm#CEGHFFGG

使用到的工具:

SecureCRT

VNC-Viewer-5.1.1-Windows-64bit.exe(http://www.realvnc.com/download/viewer/)

服务器IP:192.168.109.129

硬件要求:

官方要求内存至少1GB,推荐2GB或更多。

官方给的物理内存和Swap交换空间的关系表:

Available RAM Swap Space Required
Between 1 GB and 2 GB 1.5 times the size of the RAM
Between 2 GB and 16 GB Equal to the size of the RAM
More than 16 GB 16 GB

检查本机内存:

[root@localhost ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:        1164632 kB
[root@localhost ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
SwapTotal:       2097144 kB
[root@localhost ~]# free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          1137       1026        111          0         18        430
-/+ buffers/cache:        576        560
Swap:         2047        190       1857

查看本机系统架构:

[root@localhost ~]# uname -m
x86_64

磁盘空间要求:

官方要求/tmp空间至少要1GB

[root@localhost ~]# df -h /tmp/
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3              38G   14G   22G  39% /

检查软件环境:

支持的系统(只选取redhat):

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 (with the Oracle Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel for Linux)

内核要求:

·        On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6

        2.6.32-71.el6.x86_64 or later

·        On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6with Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel

        2.6.32-100.28.5.el6.x86_64 or later


查看本机内核版本:

[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64

官方要求需要安装的软件包:

  • The following or later version of packages for Oracle Linux 6, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 must be installed:

    binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)
    compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)
    compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)
    compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
    gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
    gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
    glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
    glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
    glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
    glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686
    ksh
    libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
    libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
    libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
    libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
    libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
    libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
    libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
    libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
    libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
    libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
    make-3.81-19.el6
    sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)

Oracle ODBC Driver:

On Oracle Linux 6 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6:
unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6 (x86_64) or later
unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6.i686 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6 (x86_64) or later
unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6.i686 or later


检查并安装所要求的软件包:

由于所需安装的包既有32位,又有64位,所以就一个个检查安装。

检查使用rpm -q packgename  (不看版本号)

安装使用rpm -ivh packge_full_name

我这里已经使用系统盘做好了本地yum源,由于使用rpm -ivh packge_full_name安装时可能会存在依赖包,所以直接使用yum安装的方式来安装,如下:

系统挂在在/iso目录下:

[root@localhost ~]# cd /iso/Packages/
[root@localhost Packages]# yum -y install binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.28.el6.x86_64.rpm

这样有依赖包便会自动安装,已经装了的话,直接跳过就ok,注意,务必一个个安装,避免遗失包,后米安装时报错。

创建所需的用户和组:

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd dba
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g oinstall -Gdba oracle
[root@localhost ~]# id oracle
uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall)groups=500(oinstall),501(dba)
[root@localhost ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is toosimplistic/systematic
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updatedsuccessfully.

配置内核参数:
官方要求的:

查看方法:

/etc/sysctl.conf文件中添加以下:

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152    #此行不加
kernel.shmmax = 536870912  #此行不加
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

生效:

[root@localhost ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p

确认值被正确设置:

[root@localhost ~]# /sbin/sysctl -a

oracle用户下检查设置Resource Limits

To create the Oracle base directory:

  1. Enter the following command to display information about all mounted file systems:

    # df -k

    This command displays information about all the file systems mounted on the system, including:

    • The physical device name

    • The total amount, used amount, and available amount of disk space

    • The mount point directory for that file system

  2. From the display, identify either one or two file systems that meet the disk space requirements mentioned earlier in this section.

  3. Note the name of the mount point directory for each file system that you identified.

  4. Enter commands similar to the following to create the recommended subdirectories in the mount point directory that you identified and set the appropriate owner, group, and permissions on them:

    # mkdir -p /mount_point/app/
    # chown -R oracle:oinstall /mount_point/app/
    # chmod -R 775 /mount_point/app/

    For example:

    # mkdir -p /u01/app/
    # chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/
    # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf

添加以下:

oracle  soft    nproc   2047
oracle  hard    nproc   16384
oracle  soft    nofile  1024
oracle  hard    nofile  65536

创建所需目录:

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /oracle/app
[root@localhost ~]# chown -Roracle:oinstall /oracle/app/
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 775/oracle/app/

配置oracle用户的环境变量:

[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vim .bash_profile
添加以下:(红色部分):
# .bash_profile
 
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
       . ~/.bashrc
fi
 
# User specific environment and startupprograms
 
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bina
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle
ORACLE_SID=orcl
 
export PATH ORACLE_BASEORACLE_SID

开始安装:

上传安装文件linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.ziplinux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip/目录

使用root用户解压:

[root@localhost/]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip 
[root@localhost/]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

ok,安装前工作完成,为确保所有设置都神效,最好重启一下机器。

# reboot


重启后,进入图形界面,终端下执行:

[root@test~]# xhost +
[root@test~]# su - oracle 
[oracle@test~]$ cd /database/
[oracle@testdatabase]$ ./runInstaller


未完,待续...

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作者:admin
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来源:蜀小陈
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